天灾与革命:辛亥革命前后常熟千人会的抗租斗争

Natural Disaster and The Revolution:The Struggle for resisting the rent by the Qian Renhui around the year 1911 in ChangShu

宣统三年(1911年)七月,常熟遭遇特大暴雨灾害。受其影响大量农田被毁、房屋倒塌,农民食不果腹,群起闹荒。常熟光复之前,饥民闹荒以"抢米"为主要手段;之后则以组织千人会"抗租"为主要方式。不论是前清官僚还是光复后的新政权,甚至同盟会出身的领导均对饥民的抗租斗争采取了严厉镇压的方式。在地主富绅和新政权的联合剿杀下千人会抗租斗争失败,这从一个侧面反映了辛亥革命反封建斗争的不彻底。

Chang Shu has encountered severe storm disasters in July, three years of Xuan Tong. Because of its huge influence, large numbers of farmland and houses have been almost ruined, so the farmers who were lack of food had to revolt for the hunger. ＂Struggle for rice＂ was used by the desperate farmers as their promi-nent measure before the recovery of Chang Shu, and then, they established several organizations called ＂Qian Renhui＂, using ＂Resist the rent＂ as their mainly means. No matter the bureaucrats of the Qing Dynasty or the new regime, even the leaders from the Chinese Revolutionary League, they all took cruel measures against those people who resisted the rent. Unfortunately, with the landlords and the new regime forging an alliance, the resistance has been strangled in the end, it reflected from another side that the result of against the feudal done by the Revolution of 1911 was not completely.