659例金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性分析

Drug Resistance Analysis of 659 Strains of Staphylococcus Aureus

目的了解我院临床分离的金黄色球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据。方法采用全自动细菌鉴定仪及配套鉴定与药物敏感试验试剂,检测2010年至2011年临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌,统计金葡菌感染的标本来源、科室分布及耐药率,并用WHONET5.4软件进行统计分析。结果 2010年至2011年临床共分离到659株金黄色葡萄球菌,其中上呼吸道(包括痰和咽拭子)分离的标本544株(82.5%),临床分布前三位分别是儿科、新生儿科及呼吸内科,以上三个科室分离的金黄色葡萄球菌占60.8%,金黄色葡萄球对青霉素耐药率最高(98%),未发现耐万古霉素、替考拉宁及利奈唑胺的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论金葡菌的感染部位以呼吸道、皮肤软组织及血流感染为主,在治疗时,我们需根据药物敏感试验及耐药特点,合理选择抗菌药物治疗,防止出现万古霉素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺耐药的菌株。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical department, providing the evidence for clinical treatment. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from inpatients was detected by BD-automatic identification of bacterial analyzer, to detect the specimen source, the distribution of department and the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from 2010 to 2011. Data were analyzed with WHONET5.4 software. Results A total of 659 Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from various clinical specimens from January 2010 to December 2011,544 isolates （82.5%） of which were isolated from upper respiratory tract. Clinical distributions of the top three departments were department of pediatrics, department of neonatology and department of respiration. The resistant rates of Staphylococcus aureus to penicilin （98%） were much higher than any other antimicrobial agent. Vancomycin-, teicoplanin-and linezolid-resistant strain was not found. Conclusions The infection sites of Staphylococcus aureus were mainly in the respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue and bloodstream. We should choose the reasonable antibiotic therapy based on drug susceptibility results and resistant characteristics, so as to prevent the emergence of vancomycin-, teicoplanin-and linezolid-resistant strains.