天花病毒功能表位及中和抗体的研究进展

Development of functional epitope and neutralizing antibody of variola virus

天花是由天花病毒引起的烈性传染病,死亡率极高,历史上造成了多次大流行,对人类的健康造成了极大威胁。随着牛痘接种的全球推广,天花已于1980年被宣布灭绝。但近年来,随着人群接种的间断、自然界正痘病毒的重组和突变以及生物恐怖的威胁,天花再次受到重视。目前针对天花的防治手段主要包括接种疫苗、化学药、中和抗体以及临床对症疗法等。本文综述了天花病毒的功能表位及中和抗体的研究进展。

Smallpox is a deadly infectious disease caused by the variola virus with very high mortality rate.It had caused many global prevalences and greatly threatened human health in history.With the global promotion of vaccination,smallpox was declared to be extirpated in 1980.However,in recent years,because of vaccination intermittent,nature orthopox virus recombination or mutation,and the potential threat of bioterrorism,smallpox has been mentioned and treated seriously again.At present,the main ways of preventing or treating smallpox include vaccination,chemical drugs,neutralizing antibodies,and clinical symptomatic therapies.In this article,we review the functional epitope and neutralizing antibody research progress of the variola virus.