绿盲蝽人工饲料配方的优化

Optimization of the artificial diet for Apolygus lucorum

本研究采用3因子2水平正交试验设计对绿盲蝽人工饲料的配方进行了优化,得出了更优的绿盲蝽人工饲料配方E,其成分如下:蔗糖2.80g、啤酒酵母0.25g、50%蜂蜜水2.50g、混匀鸡蛋22.50g、小麦胚10.00g、利马豆粉30.00g、大豆粉2.50g、卵黄30.00g、大豆卵磷脂2.25g、复合维生素1.80g、10%乙酸0.50mL、硫酸链霉素0.005g、头孢羟氨苄0.005g、福尔马林0.10mL、丙酸0.10mL、无菌水164.00g。该配方单头饲养的绿盲蝽若虫存活率(81.25%)、若虫发育历期(11.68d)和成虫单雌产卵量(32.36粒)与四季豆饲养的无显著差异。与现有的绿盲蝽人工饲料相比该饲料进一步缩短了若虫的发育历期,但群体饲养的若虫存活率只有55.74%,显著低于四季豆饲养的若虫存活率(73.77%),仍需进一步优化。通过正交试验的极差分析,明确了影响绿盲蝽若虫存活率、发育历期和单雌产卵量因子的重要性为复合维生素>大豆卵磷脂≥蔗糖。本文还就配方的进一步优化进行了讨论。

The composition of artificial diet for Apolygus lucorum was further optimized using orthogonal design with 3 factors and 2 levels. The optimized artificial diet E was comprised of sucrose 2.80 g, brewer＇s yeast 0.25 g, 50% honey solution 2.50 g, whole chicken egg 22.50 g, toasted wheat germ 10.00 g, lima bean meal 30.00 g, toasted soybean flour 2.50 g, egg yolk 30.00 g, soybean lecithin 2.25 g, Vanderzant vitamin mixture 1.80 g, 10% acetic acid 0.50 mL, streptomycin sulphate 0. 005 g, cefadroxil 0. 005 g, formalin 0.10 mL, propionic acid 0.10 mL and sterilized water 164.00 g. When A. lucorum was reared individually on the optimized artificial diet, the nymph survival rate, developmental duration and fecundity were 81.25%, 11.68d and 32.36 eggs, respectively, which were not significantly different from those on green beans. The optimized diet shortened the developmental duration of nymphs, but the survival rate of mass reared nymphs on the optimized diet was only 55.74%, significantly lower than that （73.77%） on green beans. Range analysis for orthogonal design indicated the importance of three components, judged by the influence on the nymph survival rate, developmental duration and fecundity, was Vanderzant vitamin mix 〉 soybean lecithin ≥ sucrose. The further optimization for the artificial diet of A. lucorum was also discussed.