2006-2010年北京市通州区手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Features of Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease in Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2010

目的了解北京市通州区手足口病流行特征。方法用疾病监测信息报告管理系统数据进行分析,采集部分手足口病患儿的咽拭子等标本,进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)和其他肠道病毒的核酸检测。结果通州区2006-2010年报告手足口病9 086例,年平均发病率为219.67/10万,死亡3例。5-7月份为发病高峰,占总病例数63.44%,5岁及以下儿童病例数占83.21%,散居儿童、幼托儿童病例数占94.24%。患儿中EV71病毒阳性率为25.4%,CoxA16为8.3%,其他肠道病毒为14.9%。48例重症患者中EV71病毒阳性率为18.8%,其他肠道病毒为12.5%,未检出CoxA16病毒。结论通州区以5岁及以下儿童发病为主,夏季为高发季节,普通患儿和重症患儿均以EV71病毒检出率最高,患儿应密切关注病情,以减少重症和死亡病例。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand- foot- and- mouth disease （HFMD） in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Methods The epidemiological data about HFMD collected from Disease Surveillance Data Report and Management System were analyzed. Nucleic acids of EV71, CoXA16 and other enteroviruses in thraat swabs, stool samples and other specimens collected from children with HFMD were detected. Results Totally 9,086 HFMD cases were reported in Tongzhou District during the period of 2006 - 2010. The average annual incidence rate was 219.67/100,000, 3 cases died of HFMD. The peak period of the morbidity was from May to July, accounted for 63.44% of the total cases. The proportion of HFMD children aged 5 and below was 83.21%. The proportion of scattered and preschool children with HFMD was 94.24%. The positive detectable rates of EV71 virus, COXA16, and other enteroviruses in children with HFMD were 25.4%, 8.3% and 14.9%, respectively. The positive detectable rates of EVT1 virus and other enteroviruses in 48 cases of severe HFMD were 18.8 % and 12.5 %, respectively. And no COXA16 virus was detected. Conclusions Most of HFMD cases occurred in children aged 5 and below in Tongzhou District of Beijing. Summer was the epidemical season for HFMD. EV71 positive rates of common cases of HFMD and severe cases of HFMD were both the highest. More attention should be paid to children with HFMD so as to reduce severe case and death case.