沼液叶面喷施对油菜产量、品质和氮素利用率的影响

Effects of Foliar Application with Biogas Slurry on Rape Yield,Quality and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

为探讨沼液不同浓度的叶面喷施对油菜产量、品质和氮素利用效率(NUE)的影响,本研究通过调节沼液电导率设定了沼液低中高三个水平,并设有与高浓度沼液相同氮磷钾浓度的化肥处理(分为喷施和浇施),以及空白等共计7个处理。研究发现:适量叶面施用沼液能够大幅度的提高油菜产量,并与施用化肥处理没有显著性差异;产量最高处理为ZY中浓度处理,较不施用沼液的处理增加35.5%,而高浓度的沼液叶面喷施后引起了油菜烧苗,大幅度降低其油菜产量。沼液的叶面追施也提高了油菜叶片SPAD值,但各施肥处理间差异不显著。沼液的施用会增加其叶片硝酸盐含量,但远低于化肥的冲施处理。在氮素利用率方面,ZY低处理下氮素利用效率最高,达到33.3%,而最低的则为烧苗的ZY高处理,仅为11.0%。

A pot experiment with seven treatments was conducted to study the effects of foliar application with biogas slurry on rape yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency （NUE）. The treatments included biogas slurry foliar application with 3 different contents （ Low, middle and high）, chemical fertilizer foliar application （ same N,P,K content as high biogas slurry content）, chemical fertigation, as well as blank control. The results showed that the rape yield could be increased by 35.5% through reasonable biogas slurry application compared with the control. The treatment with middle content biogas slurry application got the highest yield, but still have no significant difference with the two chemical fertilizer treatments. And the crop from higher biogas slurry content application treatment got the lowest yield because of seedling injury. The SPAD of all the fertilized treatments were higher than the control, and no significant difference among them. The nitrate content of rape leaves from the biogas slurry foliar application treatments were higher than the control, but lower than the chemical fertigation treatment. The NUE from low biogas slurry content foliar application was 33.3%, which was higher than others. And the NUE with high biogas slurry content foliar application treatment had the lowest level of only 11.0%.