我国城市住宅能源消费特征研究

Urban Household Energy Consumption Structure in China

通过对我国城市住宅能源消费情况的定量研究发现,自1995—2010年,我国城市住宅的能源消费量从1 936.72PJ上升至3 742.68PJ;能源结构也发生了较大变化:固体能源比重逐年降低,从45.6%下降到9.8%,电力和气体能源比重快速上升,其中电力由10.7%上升到28.7%,气体能源由3.9%上升到23.5%。构建城市住宅能源消费结构的数值分析模型,对我国城市住宅能源消费结构及能源消费效率进行了研究,在1995—2010年间,我国城市住宅能源消费结构发生了较大变化,1995年的能源消费结构中,厨房.热水占66%,采暖占26%,制冷占1%,照明占2%,家用电器占6%;2010年的能源消费结构中,厨房.热水占56%,采暖占25%,制冷占6%,照明占3%,家用电器占10%。1995—2010年,我国城市住宅有效能源消费量大幅增长,从878.64 PJ增至2 445.19 PJ,住宅能源利用效率提高明显,从45%上升至65%。

The results of quantitative studies of China＇s urban household energy consumption showed that China＇s household energy consumption rose from 936.72PJ to 3 742.68PJ in 1995—2010,and the energy consumption structure has also undergone a great change： the proportion of solid energy decreased from 45.6% to 9.8%,the percentage of electricity and gas energy increased rapidly,the percentage of electricity rose from 10.7% to 28.7%,the percentage of gas energy rose from 3.9% to 23.5%.A numerical analysis model of urban household energy consumption structure was devolved to study China＇s urban household energy consumption structure and energy consumption efficiency,and the results showed： during 1995 and 2010,China＇s urban household energy consumption structure has changed,in the energy consumption structure in 1995,cooking hot water supply took a proportion of 66%,space heating took a proportion of 25%,space cooling took a proportion of 1%,lighting took a proportion of 2%,and appliances accounted for 6%;in the energy consumption structure in 2010,cooking hot water supply took a proportion of 56%,space heating took a proportion of 25%,space cooling took a proportion of 6%,lighting took a proportion of 3%,and appliances accounted for 10%.The effective energy consumption of China＇s urban household sector increased from 874.64 PJ to 2 445.19PJ,and the energy consumption efficiency rose from 45% to 65% in 1995—2010.