教学“实践论”研究现状与反思——教学基本理论问题研究之四

Status Quo and Reflection of the Research into the “Practical Teaching Theory”——The Study of Basic Theoretical Teaching Problems(IV)

教学实践论是马克思主义认识论和实践论,是以教学实践活动和问题为研究现象,旨在揭示教学实践规律的理论。历经过"经验"教学论、"科学"教学论、"传统"教学论与"现代"教学论的论争、马克思主义教学认识论、"实践"教学论与"理论"教学论的并立以及走向实践的教学实践论等六个阶段。主要研究内容有教学实践智慧与教师专业发展,教学实践中面临的问题与原因,教学实践论的研究方法与表征方式,教学实践的层次和关系。从研究的现状来看,教学实践论的研究范式主张"田野性"、现实性与可操作性,其本质属性是面向教学实践的研究,并关注人的生命的意义与价值。

The practical teaching theory is a Marxist theory on learning and practice, aiming to study the activities and problems that appear in teaching practice and find the law in teaching. Its development went through six stages- the empirical teaching theory; the scientific teaching theory; a dispute between the traditional and modern teaching theory; a Marxist teaching theory on learning;the joint play of the ＂practical＂ teaching theory and the ＂theoretical＂ teaching theory, and the theory of teaching practice that comes to lay emphasis on practice. Its research contents are mainly- the wisdom resulting from teaching practice and teachers＇ professional development; the problems posed in teaching practice and their causes; its research methods and representation ways; and levels and relationships in teaching practice. Judging by the status quo of the research, the practical teaching theory stresses ＂field work,＂ authenticity and feasibility, its nature being the research into teaching practice, and paying attention to the meaning and value of human life.