从“弱者”形象看卡夫卡小说的存在主义美学叙事

On Kafka’s Narration of Existential Esthetics from the Perspectives of Weak Characters

西方文坛演进到20世纪,没有哪位作家比卡夫卡更擅长和专注于塑造弱的人物形象。卡夫卡是弱的天才,也是弱者的代表,他把自己以恐惧为特征的内心直觉和体验演绎在小说中,并以富有"生存意识和处境意识"的个体叙事话语塑造了诸如K等经典的弱者形象,开创了独具特色的存在主义美学叙事。文章从对存在即人的本质的澄明,对世界矛盾性存在的敞开和对传统叙事美学的颠覆三方面进行分析。

In the literary history of 20th century, Kafka can be regarded as the greatest master in creating weak characters. Being weak himself, Kafka can be thought of as the representative of the weak. By describing his own inner feeling and experience of fear, Kafka not only exposes the consciousness of existence but also creates such classical characters as K. The article tries to analyze his narration of Existential aesthetics from the following aspects: the disclosure of the nature of Being, the exposure of the conflicting world and the reformation of the traditional literary narration.