护生基础护理决策技能综合训练系统的研制

Development of decision-making training system in fundamentals of nursing for nursing students

目的研制护生基础护理决策技能综合训练系统并评价其应用效果。方法确定基础护理决策技能项目、内涵、训练等级要求，以护理临床决策理论的提出问题、确定目标、决断方案、实施方案和评价反馈五大步骤为基础，设计及编撰模拟情境训练案例，合成训练系统软件，并在28名护理本科生《护理学基础》课程教学中试用。结果问卷调查显示护生普遍喜欢综合训练系统这种学习方式，认为这种学习方式很有趣味性、挑战性和实用性，调动了护生学习的积极性，增加了护生的参与度，有利于护生将理论知识综合运用到实践中，培养学员解决临床问题的能力及临床判断和临床决策能力。对问卷开放式问题的结果分析显示，护生认为综合训练系统可以帮助她们把握知识重点、测试和巩固知识掌握情况、做到知识的融会贯通；利于理论与实践的结合；利于基础护理技能、团队合作、自主学习、处理临床问题和综合能力等的培养。结论综合训练系统有利于帮助护生熟悉未来工作情境，培养护生解决临床问题的能力，提高护生的临床决策能力，可在《护理学基础》相关课程教学及临床护士培训中推广应用。

Objective To develop decision-making training system in fundamentals of nursing for nursing students and evaluate its application effect. Methods The training contents and level requirements were determined first. Then based on the five steps of clinical decision-making theory （put forward questions, detenn/ne goals, make decisions, implement and evaluate）, the simulated training cases were designed and inte- grated into software of the training system. And 28 nursing students used the training system. Results Most of the nursing students liked this learning method. They thought it was very interesting, challenging, and useful. It could help increase the enthusiasm learning and the participation of students. Using it the students could integrate the theoretical knowledge into the practice. So it was helpful to train the capacity of solving clinical problems and clinical decision-making of students. The results of the open-ended question showed that the comprehensive training system could help students grasp the knowledge, test and consolidate the knowledge. It contributed to the combination of theory and practice, the cultivation the capacities of basic nursing skills, teamwork, self-learning, and solving clinical problems. Conclusions The comprehensive training system could help nursing students develop the ability to solve clinical problems and improve the clinical decision-making ability. It can be applied in the related fields.