《论语》“劳”字议——兼及《诗经》

AnAnalysis of Lao(劳) in the Analects

文章主要对《论语.里仁》与《论语.泰伯》两章中有关"劳"字的语句进行了语源和语境的分析。在指出当前的许多《论语》译注版本存在不确切解释的同时,提出了自己对于《诗经》和《论语》中有关"劳"字的解释。即,《诗经》中的"实劳我心"和《论语》中"劳而不怨"之"劳"应译为"忧劳"而不是"忧愁"或"劳累";而"恭而无礼则劳"之"劳"则应译为"劳而无功",而不应是"劳倦"或"疲劳"。

The paper mainly analysed the sentences include Lao(劳) in Liren(里仁) and Taibo(泰伯)of the Analects.While pointing out some inaccuracies of the explanations in the popular versions of today,the author presents his own understanding of the Laos in the Analects as well as some of them in the Books of Songs.It is,in Lao'er'bu'yuan(劳而不怨),the Lao here should be interpreted as 'with anxiety and swink';while in Gong'er'wu'li'ze'lao(恭而无礼则劳),it should be interpreted as 'toil with no gain'.