不同蒸馏方法提取辛夷挥发油的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Different Distillation Extraction of Flos Magnoliae Volatile Oil

采用水蒸气蒸馏法与同时蒸馏萃取辛夷挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用方法进行了化学组分的测定和分析比较,水蒸气蒸馏法所得挥发油主要成分为30种,独有成分为玫瑰醚、乙酸松油酯、乙酸冰片酯。同时蒸馏法所得挥发油主要成分为30种,独有成分为萜品油烯、草蒿脑、1-羟基-1,7-二甲基-4-异丙基-2,7-环癸二烯。两种方法共有成分28种,含量较高的为蒎烯、β-蒎烯、桉叶油醇、芳樟醇、左旋樟脑、α-松油醇、α-石竹烯、(E)-β-金合欢烯、香叶烯、杜松油烯、α-毕橙茄醇、金合欢醇。水蒸气蒸馏法所得挥发油颜色浅黄,平均出油率为1.3%。同时蒸馏法所得挥发油颜色淡黄,平均出油率为1.5%。同时蒸馏萃取法无论从香气品质,含量,提取率均略高于水蒸气蒸馏法。

Flos magnoliae volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation and simultaneous distillation and extraction, and then analzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） combined with chemical component determination and comparative analysis. Results indicated that there were 30 volatile oils including rose oxide, terpinyl acetate, bornyl acetate extracted by steam distillation while 30 volatile oils including terpinolene, estragole, 1-hydroxy-l,7-dimethyl-4-isopropyl-2,7-ring decyl diene extracted by simultaneous distillation. There were 28 volatile oils were mutual and firpene, beta pinene, eucalyptol, linalool, 1-camphor, alpha terpineol, alpha caryophyllene, （E）-beta acacia ene, geraniolene, cadinene, alpha burt orange tomato alcohol, famesol with high content. The color and average yield of volatile oil extracted by steam distillation and simultaneous distillation were pale yellow and 1.3% and 1.5% respectively. These results showed that distillation of volatile oil aroma quality and yield was better than those obtained by simultaneous distillation.