芽孢杆菌B3的鉴定及其对常见污染真菌的拮抗作用

Identification of Bacillus sp. B3 and its Antagonism against Contaminative Fungi

从平菇废弃培养料中分离获得一株细菌B3,通过对其进行形态学、培养特征比较研究和16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。在与常见的三种食用菌污染真菌脉孢菌(Neurospora sp.)、木霉(Trichoderma sp.)及鬼伞(Coprinus sp.)分别进行对峙培养时,都有明显的抑菌作用,形成的抑菌带分别为0.38cm、0.57cm及0.56cm,而与平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)、鸡腿菇(Coprinus comatus)及草菇(Volvariella volvacea)分别进行对峙培养时,除对草菇有明显的抑制作用外,对平菇和鸡腿菇的抑制作用很小。在混接B3菌株麸皮菌剂栽培料培养基上,B3菌株对三种污染真菌的抑制作用都很明显;可抑制木霉分生孢子形成、脉孢菌分生孢子萌发及鬼伞菌丝扩展;但不抑制平菇菌丝的生长。

The bacterial strain B3 was isolated from spend oyster mushroom substrate, it was identified as B（u.ill us amyloliquefaeien.s based on morphological and physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA analysis. The strain B3 showed high antagonistic activity against the common mushroom contaminative fungi such as Neurosporct sp., Trichoderma sp. and Coprinus sp.. In dual plate assay, the inhibition zone was 0.38 cm, 0.57 cm and 0.56 cm, respectively. The strain B3 was also cultured in dual plate with Pleurotus ostreatus, Coprinus comatus and Volvariella volvacea, respectively. The strain B3 showed very low inhibition to Pleurotus ostreatus and Coprinu.s conuaus, but it had significant inhibition to Volvariella volvacea. Strain B3 showed stronger inhibition to Neurospora sp., Triehod erma sp. and Coprinus sp. in the cottonseed husk substrate when inoculated with oyster mushroom. It could inhibit the conidia formation of Trichoderma sp., the spore germination ofNeurospora sp. and the hyphal extension of Coprinu,sp., but showed lower inhibition to oyster mushroom.