防治烟草寄生性杂草列当的药剂筛选研究

Selection of Chemical Pesticide for Controlling Parasitic Weed Orobanche coerulescens during Tobacco Production

为了筛选有效防治烟田列当杂草的最佳化学药物及浓度配比,以生防镰刀菌及果尔等8中化学药剂为材料,研究其对列当的防治效果,以及对烟草农艺性状、药害程度和烟叶产质量等的影响。结果表明:150 mL/667m2氟乐灵处理对列当的防治效果最显著,列当寄生率平均为22.6%,平均列当寄生数为5.8棵/株;且烟草受药害程度较轻,产量和均价较高,产值达3 495.24元/667m2,效益显著。研究还发现,烟苗移栽前处理土壤尚存在一定药害及持续期欠长等问题,值得进一步研究。

In order to select the best chemical pesticide and mixing ratio for controlling Orobanche coerulescens,eight chemical pesticides（Fusarium sp.,fluoroglycofen,etc.） were used to study the control effect against Orobanche coerulescens and the influences on agronomic characters and phytotoxicity of tobacco plant and yield and quality of tobacco leaves.The results showed that the treatment with 2 250 mL/hm2 of Trifluralin had the most obvious control effect on Orobanche coerulescens.With this treatment,the average parasite rate of Orobanche coerulescens was 22.6%,and average parasite number of Orobanche coerulescens was 5.8 plant/per tobacco plant.Meanwhile,phytotoxicity of tobacco plant was small,yield and average price of tobacco leaves were relatively high,and the output value reached 52 428.6 yuan/hm2.Therefore,Trifluralin has significant control effect on Orobanche coerulescens,which deserved to be promoted and studied further.