基于模拟试验的CO_2浓度和气温升高对水稻产量的影响

Effects of Elevated CO_2 Concentration and Air Temperature on Yield of Rice Based on Simulation Controlling Experiment

采用人工气候箱(TPG-1260-TH)模拟我国南方水稻种植区主要环境要素培养水稻,研究450μmol/mol CO2不增温(对照)、550μmol/mol CO2增温2℃、750μmol/mol CO2增温4℃对水稻产量的影响。结果表明:450μmol/mol CO2不增温条件下水稻空秕率最高,为8.72%,而千粒重偏低,为21.67 g,粗蛋白质含量最低,为11.82%;750μmol/mol CO2增温4℃条件下千粒重指标最高,为22.33 g;水稻在550μmol/mol CO2增温2℃处理下的粗蛋白质含量最高,为11.85%。可见,550μmol/mol CO2增温2℃的环境有助于我国水稻产量的增加,但温度和CO2浓度持续升高将导致水稻品质下降。

Atmospheric CO2 concentration and air temperature rise resulted from global climate change has shaped into a severe influence to rice production.For clarifying effect of rice yield change in different conditions of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and air temperature,main environmental elements of south rice planting area of China with artificial climate chamber（TPG-1260-TH） in three scenes were simulated,including 450 μmol/mol ＋ 0℃（control）,550 μmol/mol ＋ 2℃ and 750 μmol/mol ＋ 4℃.The results showed that rice had the highest empty grain rate up to 8.72% but with low thousand grain weight as 21.67 g and low crude protein content as 11.82% under 450 μmol/mol ＋ 0℃;the highest thousand grain weight was got as 22.33 g under 750 μmol/mol ＋ 4℃;crude protein content was the highest as 11.85% under 550 μmol/mol＋2℃.As a whole,elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration as 550 μmol/mol and air temperature rise 2℃ will take positive effect to rice yield in China,but have not to consist on rising that will lead to an evident decrease in rice quality.