江安河水质特征分析及治理对策研究

Analysis of Water Quality of Jiang′an River and Study on Control Methods

采用综合评价与分类评价相结合的方法,分析江安河水质特征,旨在发现影响河流水质的主要污染物和污染源,为江安河水污染防治和水资源利用提供科学依据。2011年10月对江安河全段水质进行了统一标准监测,监测项目有氨氮、总磷、COD、浊度,共4个项目;2012年4月再一次对江安河全段进行监测,并增加测量其水体中几种重金属含量。总体上,上游和中游断面均属清洁水质,下游断面属污染水质。河流综合污染指数、营养盐类污染指数、重金属污染指数均沿流程顺序增高。主要污染物为化学需氧量、氮磷类污染物。上游多为农业灌溉区,中下游污染较为严重,其中生活源、工业源排放的污水是影响江安河水质的主要污染源。

In order to find out the main pollutants and pollution sources that impact the fiver quality so as to provide scientific basis for pollution prevention and water resource utilization of Jiang＇an River, the methods of comprehensive evaluation and evaluation classification were combined to analyze the water quality. In October 2011, four items including ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and turbidity were monitored with uniform standards at all sections of the river. The second monitoring was conducted in April 2012 for the four items above plus the contents of some heavy metals. Overall, the water in sections of both upstream and midstream were clean; the water in downstream sections was polluted. The pollution indexes such as comprehensive pollution index, nutrient salts pollution index and heavy metals pollution index increased along the downstream. The main pollutants were COD and substances containing nitrogen and/or phosphorus. The areas of upstream were mostly the irrigation agricultural zone, while the areas of midstream and downstream were polluted serious mainly resulting from domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.