退刀槽对轴类零件强度的影响研究

Research on Strength of Shaft with Relief Groove

建立了轴类零件上M10不同螺距退刀槽承载能力的二维简化有限元模型。有限元分析表明:退刀槽处的应力集中系数与螺距无关,其区域大小为倒角半径R的12%。设计了带退刀槽缺口的板材试样和带退刀槽的棒材试样进行拉伸试验。试验表明:板材拉伸试验与棒材拉伸试验结果相同。对脆性材料,如果按照缺口处的有效面积计算,还需把平均载荷放大1.55倍;如果忽略退刀槽带来的面积减小,则需把平均载荷放大2.31倍。对塑性材料可仅考虑有效面积的减小带来的承载能力的降低。

In this paper, the simplified 2D finite element models for M10 thread with different pitches are built to simulate the shaft parts with groove. FEM simulation results show that relief groove of stress concentration coefficient has nothing to do with the pitch, the concentration zone is 12% of radius R. The tensile tests for sheet metal and standard specimens arc carried out. The experiment data are in accordance with the simulated results. For the brittle material, even if the effective area is used, the average load should be enlarged to 1, 55 times, when original area used to 2. 31 times, For the ductile materials, only the effective area reduction is considered, for local plastic deformation will increase the strength.