时间与幸福的关系:基于跟金钱与幸福关系的比较

The Relationship between Time and Happiness:Based on the Comparison between Their Relationships with Money and Happiness

时间和金钱既有相似之处,也有差异,它们对个体的幸福至关重要。作为稀缺资源,金钱在个体低收入水平下与幸福感有显著正相关,而当收入达到一定水平以后,金钱与幸福的关系很小甚至没有关系。时间充裕与个体幸福感呈正相关。与以最大化幸福的方式花费金钱相比,存在几种有利于幸福的时间花费方式。作为启动刺激,时间和金钱都会影响个体幸福感,但两者与幸福感的关系有很大差异。金钱启动虽有利于减轻个体的痛苦,但也会削弱个体的幸福感,而时间启动却往往有利于幸福感的提高。用金钱来衡量时间,会削弱个体的幸福感。未来研究应该进一步探讨不同研究对象的差异以及深层次的心理机制。

Time and money,with both similarities and differences,are a key part of individual happiness.In case of low income,money,as a scarce resource,is positively correlated with the extent of happiness while in case of income above a certain level,money is scarcely or never correlated with happiness.Time affluence,however,is positively related with happiness.Compared with money-spending ways to maximize happiness,several time-spending methods are employed to maximize happiness.As priming stimuli,time and money affect happiness,yet by different pathways.Money priming helps to alleviate suffering,but it also impairs individual happiness.However,time priming always helps to improve happiness.Putting aprice on time will weaken individual's happiness.Differences between subjects investigated and mental mechanism require further investigation.