浅析《说文解字》中的亦声字

A Study of Yi Sheng in Shuo Wen Jie Zi

我国文字学史上第一部辨别字音、说解字义、分析字形的专著便是《说文解字》。《说文解字》分析汉字运用的理论是六书理论,六书理论对中国的语言学和文字学的发展影响巨大。但《说文解字》中的许多汉字并不能完全运用六书理论进行分析,有些汉字介于六书系统的会意和形声之间,这类字就是许慎在《说文解字》中所说的亦声字。对亦声字的内涵进行了阐释,并将其分为会意兼形声字和形声兼会意字两类,大部分的亦声字都属于形声兼会意的类型,这种类型的亦声字及其亦声偏旁之间存在着同义、假借义与本义、引申义与本义三种关系。亦声字承载着丰富的信息,在汉字研究中具有重要的价值。

Shuo Wen Jie Zi is the first work of philology which interpreted the meaning of characters,distinguished their pronunciation and analyzed the shape of characters in our linguistics history of China.Shuo Wen Jie Zi used Liu Shu Theory to analysis Chinese characters and it had a tremendous influence on development of Chinese linguistic and philology.But not all of Chinese characters can be analyzed by Liu Shu Theory,a lot of them stand between HuiYi and XingSheng.This kind of words is Yi Sheng characters which introduced by Xu Shen in Shuo Wen Jie Zi.The passage explains the intension of Yi Sheng characters and divides it into ＂Hui Yi and Xing Sheng-oriented＂ and ＂Xing Sheng and Hui Yi-oriented＂.Most of Yi Sheng characters belong to the latter.This type of Yi Sheng characters has three relationships,which the Pian Pang with it not only has original meaning,but also has Jia Jie sense and extended sense.Yi Sheng characters have a lot of abundant information which has great value to research Chinese characters.