中美欧建筑钢结构常用钢材替换对比分析

Comparison of the Structural Steels in China,America and Europe and Analysis of Their Replacement

详尽对比了施工中常用的国标Q235,Q345钢材,美标ASTM A36(M),ASTM A572(M)钢材,欧标EN10025—2004中S275JR,S355JR钢材在化学成分、屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率和冷弯性能等方面的差异。结合工程实例进行了对比分析,给出了中、美、欧建筑钢材的替换原则和质量保证措施,使国内设计和施工技术人员更充分了解美标、欧标钢材的特性及相关规范,以便适应国外施工及验收要求,并为国标钢材代替美标、欧标钢材提供了技术支持。

A detailed comparison was made among the commonly used structural steels,including Q235 and Q345 of China,ASTM A36（M） and ASTM A572（M） of the United States and S275JR,S355JR of European EN10025—2004 from the aspects of chemical composition,yield strength,tensile strength,elongation rate and the cold bending property.Using real projects as examples,this paper puts forward the principles for replacements of steels from China,the United States and Europe as well as the measures to ensure their quality in design.This paper can help domestic designers and construction technicians to understand characteristics of American and European steels and their relevant codes so that they can better adapt to the foreign construction and approval requirements.This paper also provides the technical base for the replacement of American and European steels with Chinese steels.