水源地安全评价指标体系探究

Security Evaluation Index System for Water Source Site

[目的]运用环境系统分析和评价技术,开展针对水库型水源地水环境安全评价指标体系的探索与研究,以期完善和丰富水环境安全评价的指标体系。[方法]吸收借鉴现有的研究成果,补充作为灾变风险评估的水华爆发影响因子为水环境安全的非稳态指标,构建了基于驱动力、压力、状态、影响、风险的5个方案层共11项指标因子的水环境安全评价指标体系。[结果]根据加权求和法计算的水源地综合评分,将水源地安全级别划分为重警状态、中警状态、预警状态、较安全状态和安全状态5种状态。[结论]该指标体系评价方法简便,揭示了水源地安全的主要风险和主要问题,能够为各级政府部门统筹协调好生活、生产和生态用水关系,保障人民群众的生命健康提供理论基础和科学依据。

[Objective] Using the environmental system analysis and evaluation technology,the security evaluation index system based on the reservoir-type water sources was explored and studied,so as to improve this kind of index system.[Method] Referring to the existing researches and taking water blooms as unsteady indicator,the safety evaluation index system of water environment based on five layers（driving forces,pressure,state,impact,risk） and eleven indicators was built.[Result] According to integrated evaluation of weighted sum,the security levels of the water source are divided into high warning state,middle warning state,prewarning state,relative security state and security state.[Conclusion] The index system evaluation method is simple,which reveals the main risk of the water source and the main problems,and provides theoretical basis and scientific reference for government departments at all levels to balance daily life,production and ecological water use,and safeguard people′s life and health.