不同土壤和光照条件对红蓝石蒜生长及光合特性的影响

Effects of Soil and Light Intensity on Growth and Photosynthesis of Lycoris haywardii

[目的]研究不同土壤和光照条件对红蓝石蒜(Lycoris haywardii)生长及光合特性的影响,揭示红蓝石蒜栽培的最适土壤和光照条件,为大规模生产提供依据和参考。[方法]采用土壤[沙土,沙土∶泥炭土3∶1(上层30 cm为沙土,下层10 cm为泥炭土)和园土︰泥炭混合土(5∶4)]和光照[遮阴93%、70%和0%3个梯度]双因素试验设计,研究不同土壤和光照条件对红蓝石蒜叶片数量、叶片长度和鳞茎湿重等生长量及光响应曲线参数的影响。[结果]不同的土壤和光照条件下,红蓝石蒜的生物量及光响应参数均存在显著差异。土壤养分越高、光照越充足,单丛叶片数量越多,而对于叶片长度和鳞茎湿重,一定的土壤养分对其有促进作用,遮阴对叶片长度有促进作用,而充分的光照有利于鳞茎湿重的增加;土壤养分越高使得红蓝石蒜拥有越高的最大光合速率(Pmax)和光饱点(LSP),而适量的土壤养分提高了表观量子效率(NAQY)和光补偿点(LCP);而遮阴处理使得其NAQY升高,但Pmax、LSP和LCP降低。土壤和光照的交互作用也都存在显著差异(单丛平均叶片长度除外),且光照的影响较土壤要大。[结论]红蓝石蒜在生长期属于耐阳植物,为了提高其产量,应保证适量的土壤养分和充足的光照。

[ Objective ] In order to reveal the most suitable soil and light intensity of Lycoris haywardii, the effects of soil and light intensity on growth and photosynthesis of Lycoris haywardii were researched, to provide a basis and reference for its cultivation in a large scale. [ Method] The effects of different soil and light intensity on the growth mass, such as leaves number, leaves length, bulbs wet weight, and the parameters of response curve to light, were studied by a two-factor design experiment of three different soil[ sandy soil, sandy soil and peaty soil ratio 3： 1 （the upper layer 30 cm was sandy soil, and the underlayer 10 cm was peaty soil）, the mixture soil of garden soil and peaty soil 5：4 ] and light intensity application levels（93%, 70%, 0% shading）. [ Result] The results showed that the average leaf number and length, fresh bulb weight and light response parameters had significant difference under different treatments. The more soil nutrients and light intensity the more leaf numbers had. However, appropriate soil nutrient improved leaf length and fresh bulb weight, while shading enhanced leaf length and suffi- cient light increased fresh bulb weight. More soil nutrient boosted Pm and Lsr, meanwhile, appropriate soil nutrient improved NAQr and Lcp. Shading depressed Lsp, and promoted Lcp, NAQy and Pax. The interaction of two factors had significant effect as well （ except leaf length）, and the light intensity had bigger effects. [ Conclusion ] Lycoris haywardii is a light-tolerance plant at its growing season, so in order to improve its production appropriate nutrients and light are needed.