不同钙环境下植物几种抗逆境指标的对比研究

Comparison Study on Several Stress Resistance Indexes in Plant under Different Calcium Contents Environment

本文选取贵州茂兰自然保护区中只生长在岩溶区石灰土上的嗜钙植物6种、只生长在非岩溶区红黄壤上的嫌钙植物7种,以及2种土壤上都能生长良好的中间型植物7种,分析其根际土钙全量及植物叶片3种抗逆性指标,结果显示:(1)嗜钙植物根际土钙全量、叶片脯氨酸(Pro)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化分别为w(Ca)=32.44～43.98g/kg、w(Pro)=97.53～183.62μg/g、6.21～38.43μKat及1.47～2.48μKat,略高于中间型植物,高出嫌钙植物1～2个数量级;(2)大部分嗜钙植物通过提高Pro含量及SOD、POD活性等保护性物质稳定膜的透性,将高浓度的钙阻隔在原生质外;而中间型植物主要通过控制根系吸收或地下部分向地上部分的运移来减少植物体内的钙。

6 different calciphiles only grew on limestone soil in the karst area, 7 different calcifuges only grew on red-yellow soil in the non-karst area and 7 different intermediacies grew on both two kinds of soil were collected in Maolan,Guizhou. The total calcium contents of rhizosphere soil,several stress resistance indexes in the plant leaves were analyzed. The results showed that. （1） The total calcium contents of calciphiles rhizosphere soil,contents of Pro,POD and SOD activities were 32. 44-43. 98 g/kg, 97.53-183.62υg/g, 6. 21-8.43 υKat and 1.47-2.48 υKat respectively,which were slightly higher than that of intermediacies and either one or two orders of magnitude higher than that of calcifuges ; （2） most of ealciphiles stabilize penetrability of cell membrane through increasing contents of Pro,POD and SOD activities. So,it could retain high contents of calcium out of cell protoplasm. Intermediacies reduced calcium contents through controlling either root absorbing or migration from subsurface to surface of calcium mostly.