漓江大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构与水质生物评价

Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure and Water Quality Bioassessment in Lijiang River,Guilin,China

2008年3月、10月和2011年3月采用D型网调查漓江水系78个样点的大型底栖无脊椎动物,并分别采用Shannon-Wiener指数和BI指数评价3次采样时段内漓江水体的生物学质量。研究结果表明,3次采样分别采集到大型底栖无脊椎动物分类单元169、120和215个;昆虫纲无论种类数还是个体数都最高。Shannon指数和总磷(r=-0.510,p=0.000)、总氮(r=-0.390,p=0.003)均呈极显著负相关关系,BI指数与总磷(r=0.384,p=0.003)和总氮(r=0.333,p=0.012)均呈显著相关。Shannon指数和BI指数的评价结果表明,漓江水系的生态质量总体上为优良,清洁河段的比例在60%以上,重污染河段的比例不到10%,且仅在2011年出现。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和BI指数是适合评价漓江水体生物质量的、可单独使用的生物指数。

Macroinvertebrate assemblages were cottecteo using a D-frame net at 78 sites in lijiang river, Guilin, Guangxi province, in March 2008, November 2008 and March 2011, respectively, and physicochemical variables were measured at the same time. A total of 169 macroinvertebrate taxa were collected in March 2008,and the other 120 and 215 macroinvertebrate taxa at other time respectively. Insecta was dominant both in species richness and abundance. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ShannonWiener index was negatively significant correlated with total nitrogen （r=-0. 390,p=0. 003） and total phosphorus （r=- 0. 510, p = 0. 000）, and the biotic index was positively correlated with total nitrogen （r=0. 333,p=0. 012） and total phosphorus （r=0. 384,p=0. 003）. There are at least 60% of monitored streams in the quality of clean by the Shannon-wiener diversity index and BI,and less than 10% of monitored streams in the condition of heavily polluted. The results showed that Shannon-Wiener diversity index and BI had the potential use in assessing Lijiang river biological condition with macroinvertebrates.