猫跳河梯级开发流域土地利用与景观格局空间分异

Spatial-temporal Differentiation of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Cascade Exploitation Region of the Maotiao River Watershed

通过1973—2010年4期遥感影像土地利用变化信息提取和景观格局指数计算,分析水电梯级开发背景下以流域主要干支流为轴线的不同缓冲区内土地利用和景观格局的空间分异动态。结果表明:各缓冲区内不同时期的综合土地利用变化动态度在0.13～0.39之间变动,由内向外综合土地利用变化动态度有增大的趋势;各缓冲区内各时间段的土地利用均达到理论可利用程度的60%以上,内圈开发利用更加活跃,处于土地利用发展时期的时间也更长;内圈受到的人为干扰最大,形状指数最小,斑块的几何形状最简单,外圈相反;各圈层的景观破碎度指数呈先减小后增大的趋势;内外圈分别由于人为活动和自然景观本身的复杂性而使得景观多样性指数偏大;外圈聚集度指数呈先增大后减小的趋势,内圈和中圈聚集度指数变化不明显。

In the hydropower cascade development background,4-stage information of land use change was ex- tracted from remote sensing image and landscape pattern indices were calculated in Maotiao River watershed from 1973 to 2010 to analyse the spatial-temporal differentiation of the main stream buffer zones （ 〈2 000 m, the inner buffer zone; 2 000 - 5 000 m, the middle buffer zone; 〉 5 000 m, the external buffer zone）. The results show that ： （ 1 ） Watershed area dynamic degree of integrated land-use change in different times in different buffer zones varied between 0.13 - 0.39, and showed an increasing trend from inner to external buffer zones. （2） Land use de- gree comprehensive index were all reached above 240, and more than 60 percent of the theoretical level have been used, and the development and utilization of land resources in the inner buffer zone were more active and its land increasing trend. The Shannon diversity index in the inner buffer zone was bigger because of the intense human ac- tivities, while the landscape structure composition of the external buffer zone was also complex because of the natu- ral landscape itself. The aggregation index was increased in the first and then decreased in the external buffer zone, while the index in the inner and the middle buffer zones did not change significantly.