地球系统中生物成因硫化物矿物:类型、形成机制及其与生命起源的关系

Biogenic Sulfides in the Earth System:Type,Formation Mechanism and Relationship with the Origin of Life

作为生物矿物一种十分重要的类型,生物成因硫化物矿物形成于多种海水和淡水环境中。它们是自然界硫和金属元素循环中的关键一环,并有可能在地球早期生命起源中扮演了重要的角色。现代环境中形成的生物成因硫化物矿物与多种生命过程有着十分密切的联系,微生物和大型生物均可直接或间接地影响生物成因硫化物矿物的形成。重点从生物成因硫化物矿物类型、参与生物矿化的有机体、生物成因硫化物矿物形成机制以及硫化物矿物与生命起源的关系等几个方面综述了生物成因硫化物矿物研究的最新进展。

Biogenic sulfides, an important type of biogenic minerals, are commonly form in sea water and fresh water environment. They are actively involved in metal and sulfur biogeochemieal cycles, and also may play a role in the origin of life on the early Earth. In modern natural settings, biogenic sulfides are closely associated with the activities of various organisms. Both microorganism and macrofauna can control or induce the formation of bio- genie sulfides. Here, we review the latest research progresses in biogenic sulfides, related organisms, formation mechanism and relationship with the origin of life on the Earth.