上海市流动人口未婚女性IMB生殖健康量表的效度和信度分析

Validity and reliability analysis of IMB based questionnaire on reproductive health among unmarried rural-urban female migrants in Shanghai

目的通过对上海市流动人口未婚女性生殖健康IMB模型量表的信度和效度分析,评价其在目标人群中应用的可行性。方法采用方便抽样的方法在上海抽取3个区,对区内外来务工人员体检中心的944名未婚女性进行量表调查,量表内容包括个人基本信息、生殖健康及艾滋病认知、生殖健康相关态度以及生殖健康相关行为和需求等。通过专家论证评估其内容效度,通过因子分析评估其结构效度,通过计算信度系数评估量表的内在信度。对其中40名研究对象间隔两周进行相同量表的两次测量,评估量表的重测信度。结果主要测量指标的内在信度Cronbach'sα系数为0.313～0.824,生殖健康信息以及固定伴侣性开放态度这2个维度的内在信度最高。Spearman相关系数均>0.5,重测关联有统计学意义(P<0.05),量表的重测信度好。因子分析显示量表的结构效度较好,4个公因子涵盖了生殖健康信息、动机、行为技巧以及预防行为,能解释量表全部内容的78.66%。结论本研究制定的流动人口未婚女性IMB生殖健康量表整体而言具有较高的信度和效度,但是生殖健康自我效能的相关条目需要进行调整,以便适用于该人群生殖健康的相关研究。

Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the IMB based questionnaire for reproductive health among unmarried rural-urban female migrants, and assess the application of the questionnaire in the target population in Shanghai. Methods Convenience sampling was adopted, and 944 unmarried rural-urban female migrants were selected from the examination centers for migrant workers in three districts of Shanghai to fill out the questionnaire for reproductive health. The questionnaire included basic personal information, knowledge, attitude, behaviors and demands of participants on reproductive health. The content validity was evaluated by experts discussion, the constructive validity was assessed by factor analysis, and the internal reliability was determined by calculating reliability coefficients. The test-retest reliability was measured with the same questionnaire among 40 participants at the interval of 2 weeks. Results All Cronbach′s alpha coefficients ranged between 0.313 and 0.824. Information of reproductive health and attitude towards regular sex partner were two internal reliability scales of the highest scores. The spearman correlation coefficients were larger than 0.5, which showed fine test-retest reliability （P〈0.05）. Four factors explained 78.66% of the questionnaire by using factor analysis, and all factors could be regarded as information, motives, behavior techniques, and preventive action about reproductive health. Conclusion Overall the designed IMB based questionnaire can be applied to assess reproductive health among unmarried rural-urban female migrants with good reliability and validity, but relative scales of self-efficacy should be revised to accommodate the research about reproductive health of the population.