原蛋白转变酶的生物化学结构与功能

Structure and Function of Proprotein Convertases

肽或者蛋白质以前体形式合成后,需要原蛋白转变酶,和/或羧基肽酶,酰胺化酶等加工酶的协同作用才能获得完全的生物活性。原蛋白转变酶是这个过程中最重要的功能酶,它们由9种Ca2+依赖性的蛋白内切酶组成,许多重要的生理过程需要它们的直接参与,如肽与蛋白质激素、膜受体和病毒外壳蛋白的成熟等。它们的功能与许多疾病相关,如癌症、脑卒中、糖尿病、脂代谢紊乱等疾病,该文对原蛋白转变酶的生化结构和功能作一简述。

Precursors of polypeptide and protein hormones are maturated through the processings of proprotein convertases, and/or carboxypeptidase, amidation enzyme. Proprotein convertases play the most important role in the process. Proprotein convertases consist of nine endoproteases with Ca2＋-dependent endopreolysis activity, which is closely correlated with many physiologic processes, i.e. the maturations of peptide and protein hormones, membrane receptors, and some viral proteins etc. They also are closely correlated with many diseases, i.e. cancer, cerebral apoplexy, diabetes, and lipid metabolism disorder. The structure and function of proprotein convertase is reviewed in the article.