水体对城市区域热湿气候影响的建模及动态模拟研究

Dynamic Simulation Analysis on Effects of Water Body on Urban Region Thermal-humid Climate

为了定量评估水体对城市区域热湿气候的影响,本文建立了水体一维热传输模型及水体与大气热湿交换简易动态模型,并通过现场实测验证了模型的合理性。将该计算模型与已有的城市区域热气候评价模型耦合,研究了以河流为代表的不同水体覆盖率条件下城市区域热湿气候的动态变化。研究表明随着水体覆盖率的增加,整个计算期间内白天大气温度平均下降了0.25℃,且白天气温降低的幅度要远大于夜间;选择合适的下垫面形式并合理增加城市水体覆盖率能有效改善城市热湿气候。

In this paper,in order to quantitatively evaluate the effects of water body on urban region thermal-humid climate,the one-dimensional heat transfer model for water body and the simplified dynamic model for heat and moisture exchange of water and vegetation atmosphere were established,and the models＇ reasonability was verified with the measured data.Furthermore,taking the river as the research object,the presented models were coupled with the existed urban region thermal climate evaluation model to study the dynamic variation of urban region thermal-humid climate under different water coverage conditions.The simulation results indicated that with the increase of water coverage,the atmospheric temperature during daytime dropped by an average value of 0.25 ℃,and the decrease of air temperature during daytime far outweighed the night.In addition,it was concluded that choosing the appropriate forms of underlaying surface and increasing the coverage of urban water body could effectively improve the city thermal-humid climate.