水-胶凝原油两相流流态化实验研究

Experimental Study on Fluidization of Water-Gelled Crude Oil Two-Phase Flow

原油温度低于其凝点后,开始胶凝而失去流动性。目前,油田普遍采用热力输送的集输工艺,但能耗很大。因此有必要对水-胶凝原油进行流态化处理,实现水-胶凝原油颗粒不加热水力悬浮输送。课题组设计建立了一套水-胶凝原油两相流流态化实验系统,在内径为53 mm的水平管道内对水-胶凝原油两相流流态化进行实验研究,实验介质为原油和水,原油凝点38.0℃,混合流量为5.9 m^3/h,质量含水率为89.7%,对温度从35.0～10℃的水-胶凝原油采用目测观察和摄影法进行了流态化与否的对比实验研究。研究结果表明:当温度低于原油凝固点,不进行流态化处理时,胶凝原油积聚堵塞管道,无法输送;经过流态化处理后,胶凝原油呈现不规则的非连续相颗粒状态,悬浮在水中,在温度远低于凝点后仍能流态化输送。

Crude oil starts to solidify, become gelling system and lose liquidity when the temperature is less than oil freezing point. At present, crude oil is transported using the way of the thermal, but the energy consumption rises sharply. So, it＇s necessary to fluidize water-gelled crude oil achieving no-heating and hydraulic suspension conveyor of gelled crude oil particles. An experimental system on fluidization of water-gelled crude oil is designed, constructed and operated. Under the conditions of inner 53 mm diameter, 38.0℃ oil freezing point, 5.9 m3/h mix flow, 89.7% quality water fraction, temperature from 35℃ to 10℃, we compare non-fluidized with fluidized experiment results by visual observation and photographic method. The results show that gelled crude oil appear the aggregation when the temperature is less than oil frzeeing point, the transportation is difficult without fluidization. Gelled crude oil is turned into irregular discontinuous particles suspending in water after the fluidization treatment, water-gelled crude oil can also be transported when the temperature is far less than oil freezing point.