基于Fourier-Mellin变换的气象卫星光谱图像配准

The Meteorological Satellite Spectral Image Registration Based on Fourier-Mellin Transform

气象卫星光谱图像是气象科学和环境遥感科学研究的重要工具,而图像配准是气象卫星图像数据应用的前提。文章针对气象卫星光谱图像的配准问题,提出了一种基于Fourier-Mellin变换的自动配准方法。首先利用全球海岸线矢量图数据构造地标模板,地标模板是气象卫星光谱图像配准的参考图像;其次,根据云通道数据选择无云区域红外子图像,并利用Sobel算子对红外光谱图像提取边缘特征;最后利用Fourier-Mellin变换确定地标模板图像和红外边缘图像之间的仿射变换参数,从而实现红外光谱图像的配准。该方法本质是基于曲线匹配的思想,无需特征点提取,大大简化了配准流程。利用FY-2D气象卫星上获取的红外通道数据进行了实验,结果表明:该方法鲁棒性好,运算速度快,配准精度较高。

The meteorological satellite spectral image is an effective tool for researches on meteorological science and environmental remote sensing science.Image registration is the basis for the application of the meteorological satellite spectral image data.In order to realize the registration of the satellite image and the template image,a new registration method based on the Fourier-Mellin transform is presented in this paper.Firstly,we use the global coastline vector map data to build a landmark template,which is a reference for the meteorological satellite spectral image registration.Secondly,we choose infrared sub-image of no cloud according to the cloud channel data,and extract the edges of the infrared image by Sobel operator.Finally,the affine transform model parameters between the landmark template and the satellite image are determined by the Fourier-Mellin transform,and thus the registration is realized.The proposed method is based on the curve matching in essence.It needs no feature point extraction,and can greatly simplify the process of registration.The experimental results using the infrared spectral data of the FY-2D meteorological satellite show that the method is robust and can reach a high speed and high accuracy.