亚里士多德实践哲学中的公民德育概念

The Conception of Civic Moral Education in Aristotle's Practical Philosophy

在21世纪的今日,民主化成为世界潮流,尽管世界各国在民主化的实施方式、内容与进程上有很大的差异,但不可否认公民德育在推动并建构民主化社会的目标上有其关键的重要性。透过对亚里士多德伦理学与政治学文献的探讨,可以厘清原始公民德育的概念。亚里士多德在其所著《政治学》一书中对公民的定义与城邦的构成要素、公民教育与政体的关系、公民德育实践的必要性及其实施的内容与方法进行了阐述。尽管亚里士多德有关公民的概念与公民德育的理论太过粗略与朴素,还没有碰触到现代民主社会中复杂的权利与义务理念,但他把公民德育的培育当做政治哲学的理论核心却是充满超越时代的先知卓见。

Despite democratization becomes a world trend in the 21st century today, various nations dif- fer in implementation of democracy. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that Citizens~ moral education plays an important role in promoting and constructing a democratic society. The author tries to elucidate the con- cept of citizenship and citizens~ moral education by means of exploring the literature of Aristotle＇s Nico- machean Ethics and Politics. Aristotle talks about the definition of citizenship and the constituent elements of city-state, the city-state and citizenship education in connection with the constitution, the necessity of the practice of citizens~ moral education, and the method and content of civic and moral education. Although Aristotle＇s conception of citizenship and civic moral education is too rough and simple to touch upon the complicated concepts of rights and duties as in modern democratic society, the fact that he took the de- velopment of civic virtues as the core of his political philosophy is, however, full of prophetic insight.