民族性与民主性:两种维度的国家认同教育及其关系

Nationalism and Democracy: Two Dimensions Of National Identity Education and Their Relationship

现代意义上的国家是"民族"与"国家"的融合体。民族意义上的国家认同和政治意义上的国家认同是现代国家认同教育的两个基本维度。前者以民族历史、文化、语言认同为核心,涉及共同血缘、地域、历史等文化价值维度的认同教育,后者以宪法认同为核心,涉及人权、民主、法制等共同政治价值维度的认同教育。两者共存于国家认同教育的建构过程,不是非此即彼,而是良性互动,应有机地统一起来。超越狭隘的民族主义爱国走向宪法爱国是时代发展趋势,民族品格的塑造和民族精神的培育仍然是当代公民教育的重要使命。现代公民教育在两者张力之间培养既有民族品格和民族性精神,又具有现代民主意识的理性爱国公民。

A modern country is an integration of ＂nation＂ and ＂state＂. Identification in terms of nation and politics are the two dimensions of national identity education, The former takes the identification of national history, culture and language as core, referring to identification education in cultural and value di- mension such as identification education about relationship by blood, region and history; the latter focused on the identification of constitution, referring to identification education in the dimension of political value such as the identification education about human rights, democracy and legal system. The two dimensions coexist in the construction process of national identity education, and instead of one or the other, the two should be integrated organically and interact in a virtuous way. It is a trend to surpass the narrow nationalist patriotism and go towards constitution patriotism; and the fostering of national characters and spirits is still the important mission of contemporary citizenship education. The aim of the modern citizenship education is to foster rational patriots with both national characters and spirits and modern democratic awareness.