北京市初中生家长及大学生对HPV及其预防性疫苗认知的研究

Survey of the cognition on human papillomavirus and it＇ s preventive vaccine of junior school students＇ parents and university students in Beijing

目的调查北京市初中生家长及大学生对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）及其预防性疫苗的认知情况和接种态度。方法采用便利抽样的方法，选择北京两所普通大学及两所普通初中，用多阶段抽样方法，得到大学生和初中生家长的样本，对自填式问卷调查进行分析。结果被调查者中大多数人67．80％（537／792）听说过子宫颈癌；仅有15．91％（126／792）的人听说过HPV，其中40．48％（51／126）的人认为HPV感染后可能会导致子宫颈癌。有11．36％（90／792）的人听说过HPV疫苗；初中生家长和大学生在知道HPV疫苗可有效预防宫颈癌知晓率方面比较差异有统计学意义（X2=7．541，P〈0．01）。被调查的409名大学生中，有234人愿意接种HPV疫苗，占总人数的57．21％；被调查的383名初中生家长中，271人（70．76％）愿意接种疫苗，164人（42．82％）愿意让其孩子接种疫苗。家长性别对是否愿意让孩子接种疫苗有明显的影响（X2=10．742，P=0．001）。结论北京市初中生家长及大学生对HPV及HPV预防性疫苗认知率较低，但对HPV疫苗的接种总体上持积极支持的态度。

Objective To investigate the cognition on human papillomavirus （HPV） and HPV preventive vaccine of junior school student＇s parents and university students in Beijing and their attitudes towards HPV vaccination. Methods Two general universities and two general junior schools were chosen by handy sampling. Multistage sampling was then used to obtain the samples of university students and junior school students＇ parents. They accomplished questionnaires by themselves and the data was analyzed. Results The majority of subjects （67.8%, 537/792） had heard of cervical cancer, and only 15.91% （126/792） of the subjects were aware of HPV. Of the 126 subjects, 40.48% （51） knew that HPV infection was related to cervical cancer. Only ll. 36% （90/792） had heard of HPV vaccine. There was significant difference in the cognition on HPV vaccine preventing cervical cancer between parents of junior school students and university students （X2= 7. 541 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Of the investigated 409 university students, 234 （ 57.21% ） showed their willingness to accept HPV vaccination. Of 383 junior school students＇ parents, 271 （70.76%） would like to accept vaccination, and 164 （42.82%） indicated that they wanted their children to inject vaccination. Gender of parents had a significant impact on the willingness to let their children vaccinate （X2 = 10. 742, P = 0. 001 ）. Conclusion The rate of cognition on HPV and HPV preventive vaccination is relatively low in junior school students＇ parents and university students, but their attitudes towards injecting HPV vaccination are positive.