微生物活菌剂对烤烟生长发育及烟叶品质的影响

Effects on the growth,development and leave quality of flue-cured tobacco by living preparation of microbes

为了探索烟草专用微生物活菌剂对烤烟生长发育和烟叶品质的影响,笔者于2011年,在吉林省白城市烤烟主要种植区进行了使用活菌剂处理烟株根际土壤的试验。结果表明:使用活菌剂处理烟株根际土壤,能够促进烤烟根系的生长发育,植株粗壮,叶片数增多,叶片增大,烟叶的品质提高。秧苗期最长根试验比对照平均长1cm,粗多出1cm。不同生理时期叶片数平均多出0个、1.0个、0.4个、0.4个,最大叶片平均叶长分别多出3.6cm、11.4cm、4.6cm、7.1cm,最大叶片平均叶宽分别宽出2.4cm、5.7cm、5.8cm、4.9cm;茎粗平均分别多出0.3cm、1.1cm、1.0cm、1.0cm;株高平均分别高出3.3cm、2.1cm、20.2cm。烟叶的还原糖,试验比对照超出4.3个百分点;总糖,试验比对照超出3.4个百分点;烟碱含量试验比对照少0.15个百分点;氮元素含量试验比对照少0.19个百分点;但钾试验比对照提高了0.08个百分点;氯试验比对照降了0.46个百分点。经活菌剂处理烤烟根际土壤后,烤烟内的一些重要的指标都向优质方向发展,化学成分趋于协调,烤烟的品质、安全性得到了提高。

The living preparation of microbes,which was studied in its effects on the growth,development and leave quality of flue-cured tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.),was used on soil of rhizosphere zone of this kind of tobacco plants of Baicheng,Jilin Province in 2011.The results showed that the quality of plants and leave was improved on the indexes of stem diameter,leaf number,leaf length and width as well as growth and development of root system by the use of living preparation on soil of rhizosphere.During the seedling stage,the longest root length of treatment was 1 cm longer than that of CK,and 1cm wider on root diameter than that of CK.During different physiological periods,compared the growth indexes of the treatment with that of CK,the average number of leave of the former was 0,1.0,0.4 and 0.4 more than that of the latter;the average leaf length of the biggest leaf of the former was 3.6 cm,11.4 cm,4.6 cm and 7.1 cm longer;the average leaf width of the biggest leaf was 2.4 cm,5.7 cm,5.8 cm and 4.9 cm wider than that of the latter;the average stem diameter of the former was 0.3 cm,1.1 cm,1.0 cm and 1.0 cm bigger;the average plant length was 3.3 cm,2.1 cm,20.2 cm higher than that of the latter.According to the physiological contents of the contrast of the treatment with the CK,the reducing sugar of the former was 3.4% higher than that of the latter;the nicotine content was 0.15% lower than that of the latter;the nitrogen content of the former was 0.19% lower;the potassium content of the former was 0.08% higher;the chlorine content was 0.46% lower than that of the latter.Treated by the living preparation of microbes on soil of rhizosphere zone of the flue-cured tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.),not only some of its important growth and chemical indexes were optimalized,but also its quality and security to people health were improved.