云南野生茶树资源农艺性状多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Wild Tea Plants in Yunnan

以100份云南野生茶树种质资源为材料,借助聚类分析和主成分分析方法对云南野生茶树种质资源的25个农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,25个农艺性状的变异系数为13.97%～80.56%,变异系数最大的性状是花萼茸毛(为80.56%),其次为子房茸毛和叶质(分别为56.48%和50.96%),变异系数最小的是萼片数(为13.97%);通过主成分分析,将25个农艺性状综合为7个主成分,前7个主成分的累计贡献率达71.90%。其中,第1主成分贡献率为38.285%,第2主成分的贡献率为8.134%;基于农艺性状的聚类分析,将100份野生茶树资源聚为4大类,聚类分析中部分地理来源相同或遗传背景相似的资源能够聚在一起,但也有一些地理来源及遗传背景不一致的种质资源也聚在同一类群,显示了复杂的亲缘关系和丰富的遗传多样性。

Using principal component and cluster methods,one hundred Yunnan wild tea germplasm resources were analyzed.The results showed that the coefficients of 25 agronomic characters ranged from 13.97% to 80.56%,and the biggest coefficient variation is calyx pastel with 80.56%.Besides,the coefficient variation of the ovary pastel and the leaf quality were 56.48% and 50.96%,respectively.The smallest coefficient variation is the sepals with 13.97%.The principal component analysis showed that the previous seven main component of 25 agronomic traits accounted for 71.90% of total contribution rate,the first principal component accounted for 38.285%,and the second principal components accounted for 8.134%.Based on above analyses,these tea resources with the same or similar genetic background were clustered together,but some germplasm resources with inconsistent geographical origins and genetic backgrounds were also clustered in same group,this indicated the complex genetic relationship and abundant genetic diversity of wild tea plants.