论英诺森三世对第四次十字军东征转向的态度

On the Attitude of Innocent Ⅲ to the Diversion of the Fourth Crusade

根据现存原始资料的记载,英诺森三世没有参与促使第四次十字军东征转向的阴谋,但他知道这次东征转向攻打扎拉和君士坦丁堡的阴谋的绝大多数事实。对这次东征的转向他采取表面上禁止、实质上支持的态度,目的是为了替自己开脱责任,避免因公开支持十字军攻打基督教徒而受到质疑和指责,万一十字军未能攻下君士坦丁堡也能够置身事外,更重要的是为了进一步扩张罗马教会的势力范围。

According to the existing primary sources, Innocent Ⅲ did not take part in the conspiracy that brought about the diversion of the Fourth Crusade, but he knew most facts of it. He connived at the diversion of the Fourth Crusade. He declared that the attacks on Christians and the diversion were prohibited and he also condemned the Crusaders and Venetians, but at the same time he stressed the exceptional cases over and over again. The reasons why he on the surface forbade but essentially supported the diversion of the Fourth Crusade were that he wanted to make himself blameless, to avoid criticism for openly supporting the Crusaders＇assault on Christians, to stay aloof from the affair in case the Crusaders could not take Constantinople by storm, and most of all he took this attitude for further expansion of the Rome Church.