旅游业对气候变化的贡献研究进展

Contribution of Tourism Industry on Climate Change: A Literature Review

旅游业对气候变化的贡献研究是当前旅游气候科学研究中的热点问题。在对旅游与气候变化研究演变分析的基础上,文章就国内外旅游业对气候变化贡献的研究议题、旅游业温室气体排放计算理论与框架、旅游业温室气体排放计算结果分析、旅游业对气候变化的认知、气候变化与旅游者行为模式变化、旅游业减排政策等6个方面内容进行了总结,并就研究进程、研究理论、研究议题、比较研究等内容进行了国内外对比分析与展望。研究发现,在研究进程上,旅游业对气候变化的贡献研究尚处于起步阶段;在研究理论上,主要基于生命周期评价理论或投入-产出理论,通过"由下而上"或"由上而下"两种方法来计算旅游温室气体排放量;在研究议题上,多集中于旅游温室气体排放量"测定"的理论模式、框架与结果上,而对"低碳"与"补偿"议题的认知、政策、关键知识考虑等方面较少;在比较研究上,国内研究还侧重于计量理论与方法吸收与消化的阶段,研究议题多集中于不同尺度的温室气体排放计量上。

The contribution of tourism industry on climate change was a hot topic in the academy of tourism climate science. The paper discussed the academic evolution of the impact of tourism industry on climate change, and then analyzed research issues of tourism industry on climate change, theories and frameworks of tourism industry green-house gas emission （GHG）, results of tourism industry GHG calculation, perception of climate change in tourism industry, tourists＇ behavior model impacted by climate change, and emission-reduction policies in tourism industry, compared the research process, theories, issues and the difference at home and abroad and made an expectation for the future of the contribution of tourism industry on climate change. The finding showed that from a perspective of research process, study on contribution of tourism industry on climate change was at the beginning stage; from the perspective of theory, bottom-up method and top-down method were two methods to calculate the emission of GHG based on life cycle assessment theory or input-output theory ; from the perspective of theoretical model, framework and results about measurement of GHG were focused on, and perception, policy and key knowledge about low-carbon and neutralization were ignored; from the perspective of comparison, Chinese research paid more attention the understanding and use for theory and method of calculation emission of GHG, and did more practice for the calculation of emission of GHG at different scales.