江绍原《中国古代旅行之研究》新探

On Jiang Shaoyuan's Travel Research of Ancient China

中国旅游学研究的源头有多种说法。江绍原先生以《中国古代旅行之研究》一书而作的中国古代旅游研究被认为是其中之一。通过考察江绍原先生这一研究社会、学术背景与主要内容,发现他是在上个世纪30年代,在民主与科学的时代大潮下,在中西学的交流碰撞中,其内心要解放人性、破除迷信的愿望与冲动,借助其厚实的宗教学与民俗学研究功底,开始了对古人旅行的考察;主要对汉前的旅游环境、旅游心理、旅游风俗及旅游设施、设备等进行了初步研究,为当时中国学人开始研究上古进行了"破土"工作;尽管民俗学痕迹明显,重视旅行和旅游的民俗形式和意见,不太重视旅游的经济效应,与从西方开始的近代旅游研究及我们今天的大多旅游研究取径颇为不同,却可视做中国早期较为学术化的旅游史研究,与以《旅行杂志》为源头的从旅游发展实践开始的旅游学研究并列为中国旅游学研究的源头。

There are several ideas about the start of Chinese tourism research; one is Mr. Jiang Shaoyuan＇s travel research of ancient China. After reviewing Jiang＇s book, we find that he began to study ancient travel of China over the democracy and science times in the 1930s , during the collisions of Oriental Scholarship and Occident Scholarship, with the desire and impulse of liberating humanity and doing away with all fetishes and superstitions in his heart, Jiang depended on his solid foundation in religious studies. His study includes tourism environment, tourist psychology, tourist customs and tourist facilities, equipment of pre Hun dynasty and has been considered a＂ break＂ job of studying ancient China. His study has distinctive folklore characters and strengthens the tourism＇s folklore＇s form and opinions rather than its economical effect, which is different from the tourism research from the west and most of today＇ s tourism researches, but it could be seen as Chinese early scholar research of tourism history and the other start of Chinese tourism research as well as China traveler, the start from tourism developing. Key words：Jiang Shaoyuan; folklore tourism history research; travel research of ancient China