上海市徐汇区中小学生变应性鼻炎的患病率及危险因素调查

Questionnaires and of incidence rate about allergic rhinitis among children and teenagers in Xuhui district of shanghai

目的了解上海市徐汇区地区儿童及青少年变应性鼻炎（AR）的临床特点、发病情况及危险因素。方法根据2004年（兰州会议）变应性鼻炎的诊疗原则和推荐方案设计调查表，对6所学校6个年级共947名中小学生进行AR的问卷调查。结果父母受教育程度越高，儿童得过敏性疾病的可能性越高。儿童或者父母有以下相关病史：花粉、灰尘过敏，哮喘史，湿疹，变应性结膜炎，荨麻疹，乳胶过敏，昆虫叮蛰过敏，食物过敏；其发生AR的可能性要明显增高。结论儿童、青少年AR的发生与儿童、青少年及其父母有相关过敏性疾病病史以及生活环境、卫生条件有关。

Objective To get to know more about the clinical characteristics,incidence rate and risk factors about allergic rhinitis among children and teenagers in Xuhui district, Shanghai. Methods Questionnaires for allergic rhinitis investigation were sent to 952 pupils and students from totally 6 grades in 6 schools. The questions were de- signed in accordance to the diagnosis and treatment principles and recommended plans for allergic rhinitis agreed on the 2004 Lanzhou Conference. Results The incidence rate of allergies among children was in positive correlation with their parents＇ level of education background; children （ or their parents） who had history of the following diseases were found exposed to significantly higher chance of suffering from allergic rhinitis ： pollen and dust hypersensitivity, history of asthma, eczema, allergic conjunctivitis, hives, allergic insects＇ bite, allergic latex, allergic in foods. Conclusion it is proved with statistical significance that incidence rate of allergic rhinitis is subject to children/teenagers＇ （ or their parents＇ ） history of the other allergic disease above mentioned and their living, especially sanitary conditions.