马克思民生发展路径思想探论

Research on Marx's Thought of the Development Route of People's Livelihood

民生问题是一个伴随着人类生存和发展全过程的基本问题。对人的生存、发展的高度关注是马克思民生思想的核心内容。在马克思看来,促进人的全面自由发展是民生发展的最高价值目标,并且他为寻求实现这一目标的路径作出了艰辛的努力。马克思认为,生产力的发展是解决民生问题、推进民生发展的重要物质之基;进步的生产关系是民生问题获得切实解决的必要条件;争取教育的斗争是争取人民解放、实现民生幸福的重要部分;社会保障提供民生之需、民生之求是稳定社会、改善民生、推动发展的重要安全举措;分配公平是改善民生、发展民生的本质所在。因此,要实现民生发展的最高价值目标必须进一步促进社会生产力的极大发展、生产关系的根本变革、保障体系的建立健全、教育的优先发展、分配关系的调整完善,才能为其顺利实现提供物质基础、制度前提、安全保证、文化条件和关键环节。

The people＇s livelihood is a basic matter along with the survival and development of human beings. The core content of Marx＇s thought of people＇s livelihood is high degree of concern for human survival and development. Marx believes that to achieve all--round free human development is the ultimate goal of communism. Marx believes that the development of the productive forces is the material basis to solve the livelihood problems; progress of production relations is the requirement to solve the livelihood problems; struggle for education is an important part of fight for the people＇s liberation; distributive justice is the essence to improve people＇s livelihood. Therefore, if to achieve the highest value of human development goals, we must further promote tremendous development of social productivity, fundamental reform of production relations, establishment and improvement of security system, prioritized development of culture and education, and adjustment and perfection of distribution relations provide material basis, institutional precondition, security guarantee, ideological condition, and key link for the development of people＇s livelihood.