有斑百合和亚洲百合杂交亲和性的研究

Cross-compatibility of Lilium concolor var. pulchellum and Asiatic hybrids

为使我国野生百合资源用于新品种培育中,将有斑百合与亚洲百合进行杂交,评价其杂交亲和性。以有斑百合和8个亚洲百合品种为试验试材,采用常规柱头授粉,切割花柱授粉和柱头KCl处理3种不同授粉方法进行杂交。1)切割花柱的授粉方法能有效克服有斑百合为父本的组合的杂交障碍,其中‘Navona’×有斑百合、‘Lollypop’×有斑百合、‘Apricot pixels’×有斑百合和‘Pollyanna’×有斑百合的坐果率高达100%,‘Loroto’×有斑百合和‘Prato’×有斑百合的有胚率也分别提高到15.9%和14.8%。2)柱头KCl处理未能克服有斑百合和亚洲百合之间的杂交障碍。3)有斑百合与亚洲百合杂交存在单向不亲和,有斑百合适合作父本。当父本花柱粗短(如有斑百合),母本花柱细长(如亚洲百合)时,用切割花柱的方法可以克服杂交障碍,提高蒴果膨大度。

In order to breed new cultivars by using wild lily,interspecific crosses were made between Lilium concolor var. pulchellum and Asiatic lily,and the cross compatibilities were evaluated. L. concolor var. pulchellum and Asiatic lily were served as the experimental materials. The used three different pollination methods were conventional stigma pollination,cut-style method and KCl treatment . The main results were obtained as following. 1） Cutting-style method effectively overcame fertilization barrier when L. concolor var. pulchellum was used as the male parent. The highest rate of swelling capsules was 100% in the combinations of ＇Navona＇× L. concolor var. pulchellum, ＇Lollypop＇ × L. concolor var. pulchellum , ＇Apricot pixels＇× L . concolor var. pulchellum and ＇Pollyanna＇ × L . concolor var. pulchellum. The embryo rate were improved by 5.9% and 14.8%, respectively, in the combinations ＇ Loroto＇× L. concolor var. pulchellum and ＇Prato＊ x L. concolor var. pulchellum. 2） KCl treatment had not positive effect on the fertilization barrier between Lilium concolor var. buschianim and Asiatic lily. 3） There existed unilateral incongruity between L. concolor var. pulchellum and Asiatic lily. L. concolor var. pulchellum was suitable for male parent. When the male parent＇s stigma length was shorter than the female parent＇ s,crossing barrier could overcome by using cutting- style method. The rate of swelling capsules could be thus dramatically improved.