超声波法提取野生火棘果中红色素的研究

Studies on ultrasonic extraction of red pigment from wild pyracantha fortuneana fruit

火棘是我国丰富的野生资源之一,其果实富含天然色素和果胶。以野生火棘果为原料,用乙醇作提取剂,探讨了超声波提取火棘红色素的工艺条件,并与常规溶剂法进行了比较。分析了料液比、超声波功率、超声工作/间歇比、提取时间、提取温度、提取次数等因素对火棘红色素提取效果的影响,运用正交实验L9(34)确定了最佳提取工艺条件。结果显示,超声波提取火棘红色素的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1∶9,超声波功率350W,超声工作/间歇比6∶4,提取温度40℃,提取总时间50min,提取3次;火棘红色素的提取率为96.3%,产率为22.7%,色价为9.27。与常规溶剂法相比,超声波法具有提取率高、提取次数少等优点,总体效果优于常规溶剂法。

Pyracantha fortuneana is an abundant wild resource in China, its fruit has rich natural pigments and pectin. The extraction of red pigment in wild Pyracantha fortuneana were made by uhrasonie method with ethanol and compared with those of conventional solvent method. The single factor test included the solid - liquid ratio, extraction tempera- ture, the watt of ultrasonic, extraction time, the treatment/intermission ratio and extraction times. The optimal condi- tions of extraction technology were discovered by orthogonal test L9 （ 34 ）. The results showed that the optimal condi- tions of ultrasonic extraction are as follows ： the ratio of sample to solvent is 1 ： 9, ultrasonic watt 350W, the treat- ment/intermission ratio 6： 4, extraction temperature 40~C, total extraction time 50 minute, and extraction for 3 times. The extraction ratio is 96. 3%, the yield is 22. 7% and the color value is 9. 27. Compared with the convention- al solvent method, the ultrasonic method had advantages of higher extraction ratio and less extraction times. The gener- al effect of ultrasonic method was better than that of conventional solvent method.