“转型期的政府管制改革”专题讨论

The Fundamental of Government Regulation： The Public Nature and Neutrality

作为权力主体，政府也是利益相关者，如无科学的授权约定、行权监督和权力行使后的社会反馈，政府的逐利性反而是难以约束的，其失控既表现为垄断的扩张，也表现为设租与寻租，其文化基础则是非文本化下的规则弹性与多重标准，相应的治理思路则是限制垄断，尊重和保护多数人的私权并约束公权行使的边界和将其全过程尽量透明化，而这有赖于一个开放和民主的机制，形成一个简单清楚，社会各个利益相关者都不得不自觉接受其约束的社会共同体。在这个共同体中，政府管制的根本要求，就是突出的公共性与利益中性。

As the subject of power, the government was the stakeholder that could be profit-driven without suitable author- ization, supervision and feedback. Under the flexible rules and multiple standards, the government was out of control, acting as monopoly, setting and seeking rents. Its cultural basis lies in non-cultural elasticity of rules and multiple standards. The corre- sponding governing ways should be restrictions on monopoly, respect and protection of the private rights of the majority, re- straints of the exercise margins of state powers and transparentization of theses procedures. For all of them, an open and demo- cratic system is required to clarify the stakeholders profit and obligation simplified and distinguished in the social community, in order to restrict monopoly, protect the private power and constrain the public power. The fundamental of this system was the public nature and neutrality to the government control.