叶面施肥对高寒草地产草量及牧草营养品质的影响

Effect of foliage dressing on forage yield and nutrition value of alpine grassland

1997～ 1998年在青海 80 30 6部队海晏牧场的天然草地和人工草地进行了氮 (N)、磷 (P)和赤霉素 (G)配方叶面施肥试验。结果表明 ,氮能提高禾草和莎草的生长高度 (P<0 .0 1) ,磷能提高豆草生长高度 (P<0 .0 1) ,赤霉素能提高各类牧草生长高度 (P<0 .0 1) ,施肥可明显增加天然草地产草量 (P<0 .0 1)。其中以 N90 组最明显 ,最佳配方为 N90 P4 5G3 75,比对照 (CK)提高产草量 179.70 % ;对人工草地混播牧草紫苜蓿和无芒雀麦 ,仅赤霉素使无芒雀麦产草量明显提高 (P<0 .0 5) ,N、P增产效果不明显 (P>0 .0 5) ;施肥影响牧草营养价值 ,N90 G3 75和 N90P4 5G3 75两配方使可食牧草粗蛋白 (CP)含量明显提高 (P <0 .0 1) ,分别提高了 2 7.5%和12 .6 5% ,粗纤维 (CF)含量明显降低 (P<0 .0 1) ,分别降低了 17.91%和 9.94 % ;N90 和 N90 P4 5两配方使紫苜蓿、无芒雀麦、CP含量明显提高 (P<0 .0 1) ,分别提高了 18.91%和 11.4 2 %、13.85%和 9.98% ,无芒雀麦 CF含量明显降低 (P<0 .0 5) ,分别降低了 9.78%和 11.83%。由此得出 ,高寒草地施肥以施 N为主 ,辅助施 P和

A foliage dressing trial was carried out on the PLA 80306 Farm in Haiyan, Qinghai, during 1997-1998. Different combinations of N and P fertilizers and gibberellin were applied to both the native natural and sown pastures. It was shown that application of N increased the height of grasses, P increased the height of legumes, while gibberellin increased the height of all grasses and herbs in pastures. Fertilizer application significantly increased forage yield from the nattive grassland. As for sown pastures( Medicago sativa and Bromus inermis ),only gibberellin showed significant effect in increasing yield. Some combinations of fertilizer significantly increased the nutrition value of both the natural and sown pastures.