科尔沁草地有毒植物及保障家畜安全的对策

Poisonous plants in Kerqin grassland and strategy to secure safety for livestock

为了保障家畜采食安全 ,对科尔沁草地有毒植物进行了大量的调查和资料整理 ,初步查明了科尔沁草地有毒植物共 16 4种 ,隶属于 4 2科 93属。首次对这些有毒植物进行了生活型和水分生态类型分析 ,结果表明 :有毒植物以多年生中生、中旱生草本植物占多数 ;在水分条件相对较好的草地类型或局部地段有毒植物分布较多。较常见的有毒植物所含有的主要毒物成分为生物碱、甙类化合物、萜类化合物、酚类及其衍生物、无机物和简单有机物。针对家畜采食有毒植物的原因提出了改良草地抑制有毒植物。

For the sake of feeding safety of livestock, a thorough investigation on poisonous plants in Kerqin grassland was conducted. It was revealed that there are 164 species of poisonous plants belonging to 42 families and 93 genera. The majority of these poisonous plants are perennial mesic and mesoxeric herbs and they are mostly distributed where water conditions are relatively good. the common toxins include alkaloid, glucoside, terpene, phenols and their derivatives, inorganic and simple organic matter. The measures suggested for preventing livestock from getteing poisoned are:rehabilitation of grassland, adequate grazing scheme, supplementary feeding and chemical control of poisonous plants.