应用失效模式与效应分析提高防范针刺伤的效果

Application of failure mode and effect analysis in the prevention of needle-injuries

目的有效防范护理人员发生针刺伤的风险。方法应用失效模式与效应分析,对科室管理理念重新定位,流程改进后倡导"一次就将事情完全做好"的理念,实行"单项负责制",针对潜在不安全因素,进行流程管理。结果护理人员对针刺伤防范意识不断提高,自觉规范操作流程,针刺伤发生率由2010年16.0%下降到2011年的7.4%(P<0.05)。结论应用失效模式与效应分析理论,前瞻性地对护理人员工作流程进行分析改进,有助于防范针刺伤的发生。

Objective To effectively reduce the risks of needle-injuries among nursing staff. Methods The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis（FMEA） was applied in the prevention of needle-injuries among nursing staff. The measures included FMEA and potential risk analysis on daily nursing procedures,calculating the risk priority number（RPN） of potential risk and redesign- ing nursing procedures aimed at the risk factors,educating nurses to avoid inappropriate nursing behaviors and setting up correct safety awareness,improving protection equipments for nursing staff. Results This practice increased nurses＇ protection awareness of needle-injuries and compliance with nursing procedures. The incidence of needle-injuries decreased from 16.0% in 2010 to 7.4% in 2011 （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Application of FEMA can prospectively analyze and identify the risk factors in nursing procedures and effectively reduce the incidence of needle-injuries among nursing staff.