江苏县域交通优势度的空间格局研究

SPATIAL PATTERN OF THE TRANSPORTATION SUPERIORITY DEGREE OF THE COUNTY-LEVEL ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS IN JIANGSU PROVINCE

采用《省级主体功能区域划分技术规程》的技术流程和评价方法,基于GIS技术,以交通网络密度Di、交通干线影响度Ci和区位优势度Si为指标,对江苏省62个县域单项指标和集成性指标进行测算,分析了江苏省交通优势度的空间分布特征和成因。研究发现:(1)交通优势度区域差异明显,南高北低;(2)交通优势度具有空间自相关性,高值区和低值区呈现出相对集聚镶嵌分布的空间格局,形成以沿沪宁线和沿江地区分布的高值区,沿废黄河、沿洪泽湖和沿海分布的低值区;(3)交通优势度和经济发展水平具有较强的耦合性,两者相关系数达到0.798;(4)交通优势度呈现正偏态的特征。12.1%的面积具有突出的交通优势,2.7%的面积处于交通缺乏区域,大约68%的面积处于中等或较低区域。加强低值区的交通基础设施建设,加强各县域与上海和13个省辖市的经济联系,提高江苏交通优势度,为江苏区域发展提供支撑和保障作用。

Transport plays an important role in the process of socio-economic development and the evolution of urban form. According to the calculating processes and assessment methods of transportation superiority degree in ＂The Technical Specification of Regional Division of Provincial Major Functional Zones＂, we used three indicators, traffic network density, traffic trunk influence value and location superiority degree. As to administrative division data, we used latest geographic database and statistical data of 62 counties of Jiang- su Province. Finally, base on the technology of GIS, we got the features and causes of spatial pattern of transportation superiority degree in Jiangsu Province. The results of the research showd that transportation superiority degree had a regional differentiation of ＂high in the south and low in the north＂ in Jiangsu Province. Transportation superiority degree appeared spatial autocorrelation. High value and low value areas were relatively assembled and mosaic distribution. Distribution of high value area was along the Shang-anjing line and the Yangtze River, while distribution of low value area was along the abandoned Yellow River, Hongze Lake and the coastal of Jiangsu. There was relatively close relationship between transportation superiority degree and the level of economic develop- ment at county level. The correlation coefficient reachesed 0. 798. Transportation superiority degree had a partial normal distribution statistically. 12.1~ of the area had outstanding transportation advantages and superior transport condition for socio-economic development. In contrast, 2.7 ~ of the area had obvious dis- advantages and inferior transport condition, and thus impeded local socio-economic development. The re- maining areas, about 68% of the total countries, had a little bit better or a little bit lower than average lev- el of transportation superiority degree. Based on the analysis above, we could recognize the spatial mechanism of transport infrastructure and better understand how to take advantage of the good features or avert the disadvantages of transport infra- structure in Jiangsu Province. Transportation superiority degree represents how important a regional loca- tion and condition influence to its economic development potentially. The higher transportation superiority degree is, the better development environment we have. With long time of development for transportation construction,transport network in Jiangsu has been gradually improved, and correspondingly transporta- tion superiority degree is higher. Especially,13 key cities have higher transportation superiority degree and play important roles in affecting the development of their surrounding areas. But there are still some prob- lems, such as no sufficient connection between different types of transport, especially lacking direct rail- ways to sea ports. The current development situation of railway-river combined transportation and ocean- rail transportation lags behind overall improvement of economic conditions. In some harbor cities, the eter- nal transportations of the cities have some conflicts with inside city traffic, such as Lianyungang, Nan- tong, Suzhou and Zhangjiagang. There are relatively weak economic connection between Shanghai and Sub- ei. Transportation superiority degree will be reduced by these factors. In conclusion, there is a sustained demand for Jiangsu Province to accelerate the construction of trans- port infrastructure and improve the level of modern transportation industry, in order to promote social eco- nomic activities and realize city modernization.