美国数学教师学科知识评价方法的述评

Review on the Assessment Methods on Mathematics Teacher’s Subject Matter Knowledge in America

美国关于数学教师学科知识评价的研究已经形成了多种方法，主要有课堂或录像的观察，数学任务的访谈，以及标准化的测量．尽管研究者对数学教师学科知识的研究已经得到了发展，但尚未达成共识．SIULMT认为学科知识包含3类：一般的学科知识、专门的学科知识和横向的数学知识．DTAMS中所界定的学科知识就是教师所教的数学知识，这些数学知识分为3类：记忆性的事实和技能，概念性的理解，高水平的思维．KAT把学科知识分成两类：中学代数知识，高于中学数学课程的高等数学知识．Scaling Up SimCalc没有对数学教师的学科知识进行明确的划分．

The assessment studies on mathematics teachers＇ subject matter knowledge have developed a variety of methods in America, involving classroom observation, interview based on mathematics task, and standard assessment. American researchers have developed their understanding of subject matter knowledge for mathematics teaching though they have not reached common ground. However, no method is perfect. In other words, the synthesis of various methods to assess teacher＇s knowledge is the best option.