知识、制度、利益:理解中国改革的三个维度

Knowledge,Institution and Interest: Understanding Chinese Reform from Three Dimensions

中国的改革已经走过了30多年的历史,但迄今为止,关于改革的争论一直没有停止过。这主要是因为人们对改革的理解不一样。理论研究的最终目的就是要在深化理解的基础之上促使社会在改革问题上达成新的共识。不过,近年来,学术界对中国改革的理解越来越简单化,甚至仅仅用"中国模式"或"中国道路"之类的概念来概括中国改革这一复杂的社会实践,结果在对中国改革的理解上出现了一些偏差。中国的改革是一个革新性的制度变迁,这一过程涉及存量知识与增量知识的相互关系,制度创新的方式和有效性,以及社会利益关系的重大调整。因而,我们也要从知识、制度和利益三个维度来理解中国的改革。当然,理解过去的改革并非仅仅是总结经验教训,更重要的是要促使中国社会深刻认识进一步深化改革的重要性和紧迫性。

The past over 30 years has witnessed Chinese reform. However,the debate on the reform has never stopped up to now. This is mainly because different people understand reform in different ways. The ultimate goal of theoretical study is to make the society reach a new consensus in the understanding of reform. However,in recent years,Chinese academic circle tends to overgeneralize Chinese reform with labels such as 'Chinese mode'and'Chinese way'. This results in some deviations in understanding the complicate social practice of Chinese reform. China's reform is an innovative process of system transition,which involves lots of issues,including the relation between knowledge stock and knowledge increment,methods of institutional innovation and its efficiency,and the adjustment of social interests. Therefore,we should understand Chinese reform from three dimensions: knowledge,institution and interest. Certainly,to understand the reform is not just to summarize the experience and lessons,but to help Chinese society to understand better the significance and urgency to deepen reform.